(05-01-2019 02:23 PM)Owl 69/70/75 Wrote: My first ancestor in the new world was Nicolas Martiau, who came to Jamestown in 1620. He is also the first ancestor of George Washington to come to the new world. There is some argument that he was of African descent, probably North African Arab rather than Central African.
Per Wikipedia, take that for what it is worth, other descendants of Nicolas Martiau include Queen Elizabeth II, Dan Blocker, Tom Cruise, Lady Bird Johnson, Robert E. Lee, Meriwether Lewis, Elvis Presley, Elizabeth Taylor, and Tennessee Williams.
1620 would have been a N. African, if it is true. The first W. African slaves came maybe 10 years later to Jamestown. One of those on that first slave ship, Anthony Johnson, became a wealthy land owner slave owner.
FREE AFRICAN AMERICANS
OF VIRGINIA, NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA, MARYLAND AND DELAWARE
The history of the free African American community as told through the family history of most African Americans who were free in the Southeast during the colonial period
Winner: The American Society of Genealogists' Donald Lines Jacobus Award and The North Carolina Genealogical Society Award of Excellence in Publishing
Two books you can read on-line containing about 2,700 pages of family histories based on all colonial court order and minute books on microfilm at the state archives of Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina and Delaware (over 1000 volumes), tax lists, wills, deeds, free Negro registers, marriage bonds, parish registers, Revolutionary War pension files, etc. There are also another 5,000 pages of abstracted colonial tax lists, Virginia personal property tax lists, under "Colonial Tax Lists..." Send questions and comments to paulheineggATgmail.com substitute @ for AT
FREE AFRICAN AMERICANS
OF
MARYLAND AND DELAWARE
INTRODUCTION
This is the history of the free African American communities of Maryland and Delaware during the colonial period as told through their family histories.
During the colonial period in Maryland and Delaware:
Over 600 free, mixed-race children were born to white women by African American men.
Fewer owned land than did their counterparts in Delaware, Virginia and North Carolina.
They had closer relations with the slave population than did their counterparts in Delaware, Virginia and North Carolina.
Although some claim Native American ancestry, the evidence indicates that most are direct descendants of mixed-race children of white women.
Some free African Americans migrated to Delaware and Virginia where there were more opportunities for land ownership.
http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Intro_md.htm
http://freeafricanamericans.com/maryland.htm
http://freeafricanamericans.com/foreword.htm
During those years--prior to the advent of the staple producing plantation, tobacco in the Chesapeake and rice in the Carolinas-- the line between freedom and slavery was extraordinarily permeable. Various peoples of European, African, and Native American descent crossed it freely and often. In such socially ill-defined circumstances, white men and women held black and Indian slaves and white servants, and black men and women did like. Peoples of European, African and Native American descent--both free and unfree--worked, played, and even married openly in a manner that would later be condemned by custom and prohibited by law.
Lots of surnames are included in the research.
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