How Realignment Impacted each P5 Conference’s Caste Status
Texas and Oklahoma’s move to the SEC started a chain-reaction that is changing P5 dynamics. The SEC is the first power conference to have 16 members. Rather than following the leader, the B1G, ACC and PAC formed an Alliance in response to the SEC change. To stabilize its power conference status, the B12 not only backfilled but expanded to 12 members. The P5 conferences will now have 69 members…BYU, Cincinnati, Houston, and UCF have now joined the club.
NCAA athletics have always been a form of a caste system. D1 includes over 350 universities and the P5 schools are generally regarded as having the elite athletic programs. Football, basketball, Olympic-sports, finances, and rivalry games are all bigger at the P5 level. Within the P5 conferences there is a class structure, or caste system, for athletic programs. This round of realignment helped to make the class structure more obvious.
Using commonly available data updated through August 2021, I created a model to quantify the current caste system (the methodology is somewhat complex to explain and maintain) for P5 universities:
Kings: Ohio State, Michigan, and Texas
Royalty: Alabama, UF, UGA, OU, WI, LSU & PSU
Gentry: UCLA, USC, FSU, Tennessee, Auburn, ND, TAM, MSU, Stan, UK, Wash, UNC, Iowa, Duke, Clem, MN, Cal, Ore, Illinois, Purdue & Indiana
Bourgeoisie: ASU, UNL, Ark, VT, UVa, SC, NCS, Mia, NW, AZ, KU, OM, Lou, Ok St, GT, UMCP, Pitt, MS St, Vanderbilt, Utah, TCU, MO, K St, Baylor, Syracuse, WF, CO and ISU
Proletariat: Or St, TTU, Rutgers, WSU, BYU, BC, WVU, Houston, Cincy and UCF
Realignment initially hurts the moving school’s caste score. For example, Oklahoma is ending generations of conference rivalries (such as Oklahoma State, Kansas, ISU, etc.) as well as geographic advantages (the geo-center of the B12 is in the state of Oklahoma…while the new geo-center of the SEC will be in Mississippi). This initial downgrade in caste score is modest and does not generally impact their broader class. Before the realignment announcement, Oklahoma had the fifth highest score (between Alabama and Florida) and is now seventh in P5 pecking order.
It’s not surprising that the new P5 universities (BYU, Houston, Cincy, and UCF) are all entering the caste system at the lowest P5 tier. Except for Houston, the additions were not in the B12 geography and don’t have many existing rivalries with other members of the new conference. These programs also don’t yet have the financial nor competitive experience from participating in the P5. In the 2012 realignment, Louisville, Utah, and TCU were similarly promoted from the G5…a decade later these three programs have risen to the bourgeoisie. In expanding, the B12 appears to have prioritized football and university profile. The revenues of the new members were amongst the highest of G5 programs, but that is still very low for P5 programs. The four expansion members should see a significant rise in their conference financial payouts. It may be years before a new B12 media deal is finalized. The remaining 8 B12 programs could experience a significant relative drop from their current payout levels (resulting from the loss of the two upper tier brands).
The announced realignments will result in the following class structure for the P5 conferences:
SEC B1G PAC ACC B12 G5 FCS No FB Total
Kings 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
Royals 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
Gentry 4 6 6 5 0 0 0 0 21
Bourgeoisie 6 3 4 9 6 0 0 0 28
Proletariat 0 1 2 1 6 0 0 0 10
Plebeians 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Unknown 0 0 0 0 0 61 128 100 289
SEC now has the strongest collection of athletic programs. Adding Texas (with the strongest P5 finances) and Oklahoma (with an outstanding P5 football program) augmented the SEC strengths. The additions also improved Olympic sports and overall university profiles. Competitive fit (rivalries) stayed level with the additions because the SEC had a solid core of long-term rivals (TA&M, Arkansas, and Missouri). Simply put, UT & OU were ideal additions. Going forward, the only accretive expansion candidates left are FSU, ND, and UNC; Duke and Clemson are likely break-even additions. If basketball, university profile or new markets gain importance (or if the SEC just needs an even-numbered addition), then other universities could be considered. IMO, the SEC isn’t looking to expand but would welcome overtures from UNC.
B1G has an overall class structure that is comparable to the SEC. Yet the B1G’s relative strengths are university profiles and competitive fit. Their recent additions (UNL, UMCP and Rutgers) have struggled in the B1G; UNL and UMCP lost value in their transitions and Rutgers is still stuck in the lowest P5 caste. If the B1G needs to expand, ND is still their white whale…both ND and the conference would rise in the caste system from this marriage (ND is an awkward fit in the ACC). A plausible alternative for the B1G is to replicate the Larry Scott wish of entering an entirely new region with many additions: going to the far west / PAC (with UCLA, USC, Stanford, Washington, Cal & Oregon/ND) or the south / ACC (with FSU, UNC, Duke, UVa, GT & Miami/ND). Miami and FSU are not in the AAU, but their research programs are above those of UNL (and their undergraduate educational reputations are strong). IMO, the next move in P4 expansion will involve the B1G.
PAC is clearly a tier below the SEC and B1G. Their university profiles are like the B1G, but they don’t have football programs that draw 90-100K+ fans. There are no realistic accretive expansion moves for the PAC. The previous expansion got the best schools available…but the expansion was still dilutive. Colorado & Utah are in the lower half of the PAC’s class structure and not winning conference championships. An Alliance or merger (especially with the B1G) is now their best approach to enhance value. The PAC needs to prevent defection of their gentry. UCLA & USC need to see a bright future within the PAC, rather than looking longingly at the B1G. The elite programs in the PAC could decide that the UT/OU approach of abandoning their conference (and joining the B1G) makes strategic sense.
ACC has an overall class structure that is comparable to the PAC. Amongst P5 conferences, their relative strength is in Olympic sports (especially basketball). The ACC also needs to prevent defection of their gentry (starting with FSU, ND, and UNC). ACC schools’ proximity to both the B1G and SEC make them more likely realignment prey, rather than predators. The best ACC expansion candidate is ND…somehow growing the football ties to the ACC. ESPN may offer modest increases to payouts with additions such as KU, Okie State, and/or TCU…gaining content that ESPN does not fully control, while improving the ACC’s basketball/football reputation. Expanding into the central time-zone will probably not be well received by the ACC’s class-conscious old guard (UNC, Duke and UVa). Rather than the quagmire of expansion, the ACC could focus on enhancing its value in football and basketball. Unbalanced football scheduling could be used to generate more marquee matchups. More frequent games amongst the southern-publics (Clemson, VT, Louisville, GT, FSU, and NC State) or rotating ND games amongst stronger opponents every other year (and weaker opponents every fourth year). In NCAA governance discussions, the ACC should be advocating for creation of a new, smaller D1+ division, principally as a means of changing the basketball tournament structure and disbursements. Growing basketball’s importance in college athletics resolves a lot of ACC problems.
B12 class structure was clearly downgraded with the loss of UT & OU. But is still reasonably within the boundaries of other P5 conferences. The programs in the B12 are now all below the median caste status of the P5. In addition, all B12 universities have caste scores that are below the average of the four other conferences. The top priority is to ensure that the conference is worthy of its “autonomous” status. Expansion did a great job of enhancing football, while also improving the university profiles of the conference. Ironically, this iteration of the B12 membership should be much more stable…no individual program is accretive to any of the P4 conferences and expansion addressed foundational aspects staying in the club. Expanding with Boise State and/or Memphis would have been risky because those programs are further outside the caste parameters of the P4. Competitively, B12 football and basketball should be equal to other P5 conferences (and far superior to the G5).
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