(09-14-2019 07:06 AM)TigerBlue4Ever Wrote: (09-14-2019 01:21 AM)Owl 69/70/75 Wrote: Zeehan explains it pretty well. Toward the end of WWII we got our allies together at Bretton Woods and bribed up an alliance to win the Cold War. We let everybody export to us to build their economies back up, and we protected their trade routes by being world policeman, in exchange for their agreement not to go communist. So we end up with the largest trade deficit in the world, even though we participate in world trade less than anyone else. Basically, we just don't export very much. We consume everything we can make, and more. We have moved a lot of production offshore, because conditions there were more conducive to earning a higher ROI. A lot of this was on purpose, we swapped trade for security.
Now, when you have a trade deficit, you have to attract the money back as foreign investment, or else you just drain the wealth out of your economy. See Argentina, last 100 years. Now that investment comes back through the financial centers. So our producers lose money because we let production go overseas, while our financial sector makes that ,money back.
The problem with this approach is the it lost its usefulness the day the Berlin Wall fell, and we weren't prepared for what to do next. We still aren't, and have now gone 30 years with an outmoded paradigm. Ross Perot said something in 1992 that I had been saying for several years by then, "In the post-Cold-War era, economic power will be more important than military power." Perot had some interesting ideas about how to make our economy as dominant as our military had been. Some were a bit goofy, and some frankly borderline fascist, like emulating Japan's MITI, but all were interesting.
Now, comparative advantage says that we should let China build our cheap electronics, and Thailand sew up our Nikes, and we should concentrate on doing what we do best. Germany does that, and they've done okay, although they may not be able to carry all of Europe economically the way we have carried them militarily. Rather than focusing on China, I would go with an approach that makes us more competitive in the rest of the world--compete with Germany rather than China.
But we haven't learned a new paradigm yet. So we have a large hunk of our military pinned down in the Mideast, defending what is now China's vital oil supply chain, while China is beating us financially in much of south Asia, Africa, and now even Latin America, not to mention threatening our allies around the South China Sea. We have leverage against China, but we're not using it, I think because too many of our national security types are in love with the power trip of being the cop on the block.
The only attempt I've seen in my adult lifetime at leveraging whatever advantage we may have against China has come from Trump and his tariffs. I know that's very basic so please expound on what leverage you feel we have.
We pull out of the Mideast, and all of a sudden China is totally reliant on a highly vulnerable supply chain. 2/3 of China's oil imports come from the Mideast. Until somebody figures out how to run pipelines over the Himalayas, that means a long sea transit through the Straits of Hormuz, around India, and through the Straits of Malacca or somehow otherwise through the Indonesian archipelago. Iran, India, Indonesia (three stable countries with whom China has excellent relations--not) could totally shut down China. They basically have two options:
1) Send their navy to protect their oil from possible efforts by the three I's or pirates to steal or destroy it. They don't really have enough navy to do that (we do) and using what navy they do have in that role pretty much ensures that they can't keep expanding outward in the South China Sea for a long, long time..
2) Invade Siberia and take Russia's extensive oil and gas resources.
I suppose a third option would be to go big-time into alternatives, but their economy crashes and they starve long before that gets established.
So why do we stay hunkered down in the Mideast? My guess is that our strategic planners don't want us to have to deal with the instability that would result when China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan all have to go get oil in the Mideast and convoy it home for protection. It's not like they historically get along so well with each other.
The other thing is that the Chinese banking system is incredibly over-leveraged. They take whatever money they make from exports and loan it out to businesses that can keep people employed. Not make a profit, or even generate sales, or even make a profit--just put people to work so they don't complain about their lot.
China is three cultures who don't get along. The Han in the north are militaristic and power-mad, but have no economy. The economic power is in the Yangtze River valley. The south including Hong Kong is subtropical and gets along with the rest of the country about as well as the US south got along with the rest of the country in about 1855--or maybe they feel it's more like 1870. The only way it can hold together is to combine the stick of an oppressive and all-powerful military regime with the carrot of cash.
China is pumping cash into the economy at the rate of the Obama stimulus program about every six weeks or so. It's shovel-ready stuff, or they make it shovel-ready, but with no economic payback. You've seen photos of the cities they have built with no inhabitants, right? That's symbolic of the problem. There's no way those loans ever get repaid. It's a Ponzi-type scheme that they can sustain only so long as they keep bringing massive amounts of money in. And if it falls apart, there goes the country.
That is Zeihan's analysis condensed, and I tend to agree.