It depends on how the content is being served and what kind of content it is.
The best way to check speed is to use speedtest.net. The second best way is to download a large game from Steam (
http://www.steampowered.com ... Team Fortress 2 is free).
Typically content delivered from a CDN (Content Delivery Network) such as Steam's games will be fast enough to push most of a Gigabit connection. HOWEVER ... the ISP you mentioned, AT&T, actually deliberately throttles CDN traffic unless those CDNs are willing to PAY AT&T to reach the AT&T customers at full speed. Insert the net neutrality argument here.
So even if they are paying for gigabit ... *most* of the web cannot actually send stuff that fast. The ISP they are using deliberately throttles most of the things that actually can send stuff that fast (P2P file sharing traffic, traffic from bitlockers, traffic from CDNs).
Lastly, AT&T has a bandwidth cap even for Gigabit customers. That cap is 1 TB/mo. So even if you are downloading at the full gigabit, in just 2 hours and 13 minutes you'll exhaust your data cap, and AT&T can demand you pay them more money or they can summarily disconnect and deny you service at their whim.
In other words ... it is AT&T being AT&T (evil pricks).